Conjunction

A conjunction is a word that connects other words or groups of words.  In the sentence Bob and Dan are friends the conjunction and connects two nouns and in the sentence  He will drive or fly,  the conjunction or connects two verbs.  In the sentence It is early but we can go, the conjunction but connects two groups of words.
Coordinating conjunctions are conjunctions which connect two equal parts of a sentence.  The most common ones are and, or, but, and so which are used in the following ways:
and is used to join or add words together in the sentence They ate and drank. 
or is used to show choice or possibilities as in the sentence He will be here on Monday or Tuesday. 
but is used to show opposite or conflicting ideas as in the sentence She is small but strong. 
so is used to show result as in the sentence I was tired so I went to sleep.
Subordinating conjunctions connect two parts of a sentence that are not equal and will be discussed more in another class.  For now, you should know some of the more common subordinating conjunctions such as:
    after                before                unless 
    although          if                        until 
    as                   since                   when 
    because          than                    while
Correlative conjunctions are pairs of conjunctions that work together.  In the sentence Both Jan and Meg are good swimmers, both . . .and are correlative conjunctions.  The most common correlative conjunctions are:
    both . . .and 
    either . . . or 
    neither . . . nor 
    not only . . . but also

 preposition 

A preposition links nouns, pronouns and phrases to other words in asentence. The word or phrase that the preposition introduces is called the object of the preposition.

A preposition usually indicates the temporal, spatial or logical relationship of its object to the rest of the sentence as in the following examples:

The book is on the table.

The book is beneath the table.

The book is leaning against the table.

The book is beside the table.

She held the book over the table.

She read the book during class.

Adverb

*An adverb tells us more about the verb

*Usually adverbs end with the suffix-ly.

                   

The baby cried loudly                   The girl danced beautifully   

Adjectives

*An adjective is a word that describes or modifies a noun or a pronoun.

*An adjective gives us more information about the subject in the sentence-what kind, how many ,which one.

*A proper adjective  is one that is derived out of a proper noun. A proper adjective always begins with a capital letter.

*Limiting adjective restrict the meaning of the noun without describing it . Here are some examples.

Articles

*there are two kinds of articles-definite and infinite.

*Indefinite articles (a,an) are use before a noun which is single and countable.

=   A,An  ใช้กับนามทั่วๆไปโดยไม่เจาะจง

The articles an is used for nouns that begin with a vowel. (a,e,I,o,u)

·       An apples a day keeps the doctor away.

·       Meaning= กินผักผลไม้ทำให้เราแข็งแรงไม่ต้องไปหาหมอ

*The definite article the is used to specify a noun which is identifiable by the listen. The noun can be singular or plural.

*No articles are used when the noun indicates general situations, diseases ,season ,foods ,sport,

materials, emotion or proper nouns.

Visual Stimulus Comprehension

*Visuals can be a picteures on their own or combined with words to convey meaning.
*Symbols,signs,maps,diagrams and storyboards use visuals for a purpose.
*All visuals contain a message. The message could be interpreted as a story,a warning,an advertisement or as information to educate or influence people to buy something or to take some action.

1.Understanding Symbols and Signs

*Symbols are internationally recognised visuals with a clear message.
*They are understood by people everywhere, no matter what language they speak.

Look at these familiar symbols used at airports, on road signs, etc, and their meanings.

           radioactive                                               handicap 

*Signs use symbols, colors, words or numbers to convey a message.

*Read signs can be a warning for driver safety (yellow signs), orders to be followed (red signs), or additional information (green signs).

*A sign with a cross through it signifies something cannot be done.

2.Understanding Maps

*Maps are a diagrammatic representation of an area of land or sea showing physical features such as cities, roads, buildings, etc.

*These visuals offer a bird's eye view of the location of things on a flat surface.

*Maps may have symbols and a key to explain the symbols.

Study this map. Read the labels and understand what they mean. Read the instructions next to the map. Study the words in colour.

3.Understanding Diagram
*Diagrams explain how things work, describe a process or different parts of an object.

*They can use arrows to show movement or labels to name the parts.

Study this diagram and the text below on the lifecycle of a butterfly.

READING COMPREHENSION

READING COMPREHENSION

Within this page,the complex processes involved in reading comprehension are divided into three categories (much like the National Reading Panel Report). The categories include vocabulary instruction, text comprehension instruction, and teacher preparation and comprehension strategies instruction. You'll also find useful websites that students can visit to practice their use of comprehension strategies with fiction and non-fiction texts at a variety of reading levels.

            Answer: Page 41-42
1.How high is Everest?
       A.8848 feet
       B.29028 metres
       C. 29,028 feet
       D. 8848 metres
 2.In what way does Mount Everest change annually?
       A.It is shrinking by a very small amount.
       B.It is getting a little wider.
       C.It is shifting slightly to the north.
       D. It is growing a very small amount.
 3.Mount Everset is in the mountain range call the________.
       A.Rocky Mountains
       B.Andes
       C.Himalayas
       D.Alps
4.Who wanted to climb Mount Everest "because it's there"?
       A.George Mallory
       B.Edmund Hillary
       C.Tenzing Norgay
       D.Junko Tabei
5.The first team to successfully reach the summit was__________.
       A.George Mallory and Andrew Irvine.
       B.Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay.
       C.George Mallory and Edmund Hillary
          D. Tenzing Norgay and Andrew Irvine.

6.Since 1953,how many people have reached the summit? 

       A.about 20

       B.fewer than 600

       C.exactly 600

       D.more than 600
             
           Answer: Page 59
A.Who is the central character of the Harry Potter books?
   - Harry Potter
B.Who is the evil wizard who fights against Harry?
   - Lord Voldemort
C.When did the idea for Harry'walk' into the author's head?
   - During her train trip from manchester to London
D.What was the firsr book in the Harry Potter series renamed as for the American market?
   - Harry Potter and Socerer's Stone
E.What does Harry learn to do in Hogwarts?
   - He learns to use magic and brew potions
F.Which platform does Hogwarts Express depart from?
   - Hogwarts Express departs from Platform 9 3\4